Overview of March Weather in Russia
March in Russia is a month of transition, as the country moves from winter to spring. The weather varies significantly depending on the region, as Russia is the largest country in the world, spanning from the frigid Arctic Circle to the milder temperate zones. In general, March is still a cold month in most parts of Russia, especially in northern and central areas, but it can also be a time of thawing in southern regions.
In the northern cities like Murmansk, March is still firmly in winter, with snow and subzero temperatures, while in southern cities like Sochi or Astrakhan, temperatures are milder and starting to warm up. Central cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg experience chilly temperatures, with the possibility of snow and early signs of spring, though it’s still often cold enough for winter coats. However, March does signal the end of winter in many parts of the country, and as the month progresses, the snow starts to melt, and the first signs of spring can be seen.
Average Temperatures in March
As mentioned, Russia’s vast size means that temperatures in March can vary dramatically depending on the region. The coastal areas of the Black Sea and the southern parts of Russia will be much milder than Siberian cities or the Arctic. Below is a breakdown of average high and low temperatures for key cities during March:
- Moscow (Central Russia): -4°C to 2°C (25°F to 36°F)
- St. Petersburg (Northwest Russia): -6°C to 0°C (21°F to 32°F)
- Sochi (Southern Russia): 6°C to 15°C (43°F to 59°F)
- Yekaterinburg (Ural Region): -8°C to 1°C (17°F to 34°F)
- Novosibirsk (Siberia): -12°C to -3°C (10°F to 27°F)
- Murmansk (Arctic Circle): -13°C to -6°C (9°F to 21°F)
In Moscow, March temperatures range from a low of -4°C (25°F) to a high of 2°C (36°F), while St. Petersburg can be colder, with lows of -6°C (21°F). In the south, Sochi offers much milder temperatures with highs of 15°C (59°F), while cities further east, like Yekaterinburg, will be colder, and Siberian cities like Novosibirsk and Murmansk are still in the grip of winter, with subzero temperatures for most of the month.
Precipitation Levels in March
While March marks the end of the snow-heavy months in Russia, it still experiences significant precipitation in many areas. The types of precipitation vary, with snow still common in the northern regions and rain becoming more frequent in the southern and western parts of Russia as the temperature rises.
- Rainfall: 20mm to 50mm (0.8 inches to 2 inches)
- Snowfall: Snow is common in northern and central Russia, especially early in the month. Snowfall typically decreases towards the end of March.
- Humidity: Humidity levels can vary, but they are generally higher in the western and southern regions of Russia. In Moscow, for example, the humidity in March averages around 75%.
In cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg, precipitation in March is usually a mixture of snow and rain, with snow becoming less frequent as the month progresses. The southern cities like Sochi, on the other hand, will likely experience rainfall as the temperatures warm up, but it remains less snowy. The highlands and Siberian regions continue to see snow for much of March.
Wind Patterns in March
Wind patterns in March are influenced by Russia’s vast geography. In the central and southern regions, winds tend to be lighter, while in the northern and Siberian regions, stronger winds are common. These winds are often cold, and they can make temperatures feel even colder, especially in the northern and central parts of Russia.
- Wind Speeds: 5 to 20 km/h (3 to 12 mph), though coastal areas in the south may experience higher speeds
- Wind Direction: Winds are generally from the north and northeast in most parts of Russia. In coastal regions like Sochi, winds may come from the southwest, bringing milder conditions.
- Wind Strength: Winds are usually moderate, but in cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg, gusts can sometimes be strong, especially during storm fronts.
In Siberia and the Arctic regions, March can be particularly windy, and the wind chill factor can make temperatures feel significantly colder. The colder wind in these regions can create hazardous conditions for travel, so travelers should be prepared for gusty winds.
Atmospheric Pressure in March
Atmospheric pressure in March is typically stable in most regions of Russia, though fluctuations can occur due to incoming low-pressure systems. These systems bring periods of snow and rain, especially in the west and south. In the north and east, where the climate is colder, high-pressure systems dominate and bring more stable, dry conditions.
- Average Pressure: 1015 to 1025 hPa (hectopascals)
- Pressure Fluctuations: Atmospheric pressure is relatively stable, with occasional dips due to low-pressure systems. When a storm front moves in, pressure will drop briefly, bringing heavier rain or snow.
Most parts of Russia will experience high atmospheric pressure early in the month, contributing to clearer skies, but this will give way to occasional periods of lower pressure as the month progresses and the weather shifts toward spring in the southern regions.
Historical Weather Data for March
Below is a table that summarizes the average temperatures and precipitation levels for key Russian cities over the past 10 years during March. This data helps give a better idea of what to expect in terms of weather conditions.
| Year | Moscow High Temp (°C) | Moscow Low Temp (°C) | Moscow Precipitation (mm) | St. Petersburg High Temp (°C) | St. Petersburg Low Temp (°C) | St. Petersburg Precipitation (mm) | Sochi High Temp (°C) | Sochi Low Temp (°C) | Sochi Precipitation (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 2°C | -4°C | 30mm | 0°C | -6°C | 40mm | 14°C | 6°C | 55mm |
| 2016 | 3°C | -3°C | 35mm | 2°C | -5°C | 45mm | 15°C | 7°C | 50mm |
| 2017 | 2°C | -4°C | 40mm | 1°C | -6°C | 30mm | 13°C | 6°C | 60mm |
| 2018 | 1°C | -5°C | 25mm | 0°C | -7°C | 35mm | 12°C | 5°C | 45mm |
| 2019 | 2°C | -4°C | 50mm | 0°C | -6°C | 55mm | 14°C | 7°C | 52mm |
| 2020 | 2°C | -3°C | 20mm | 1°C | -5°C | 38mm | 15°C | 6°C | 47mm |
| 2021 | 2°C | -3°C | 45mm | 0°C | -6°C | 50mm | 13°C | 6°C | 55mm |
| 2022 | 3°C | -3°C | 30mm | 1°C | -5°C | 42mm | 16°C | 7°C | 57mm |
| 2023 | 2°C | -4°C | 40mm | 0°C | -6°C | 45mm | 14°C | 7°C | 60mm |
| 2024 | 2°C | -3°C | 35mm | 1°C | -5°C | 48mm | 15°C | 6°C | 54mm |
From the data, it’s evident that March temperatures in Moscow and St. Petersburg are consistently low, with highs ranging from 1°C to 3°C (34°F to 37°F) and lows around -6°C to -3°C (21°F to 27°F). Precipitation is moderate, with snow and rain mixed throughout the month. Sochi, on the other hand, remains warmer, with highs around 13°C to 16°C (55°F to 61°F), and generally experiences more rainfall.
What to Consider When Traveling to Russia in March
Weather Variability
March in Russia can be unpredictable in terms of weather. The last vestiges of winter can still be felt in northern and central Russia, and travelers should prepare for cold conditions. In Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other major cities in the west, temperatures are still chilly, especially in the evenings. Those traveling to more remote regions, particularly in Siberia or the Arctic Circle, should expect much colder conditions, with temperatures well below freezing.
The southern regions, including Sochi, will have more temperate conditions, and March can be an excellent time to visit if you want to avoid the cold. However, travelers should be prepared for rain in Sochi, as the city starts transitioning to spring.
Dressing for the Cold
Travelers visiting Russia in March should dress in layers to handle the varying temperatures. It is advisable to pack a warm coat, scarves, gloves, and hats, particularly for cities like Moscow, St. Petersburg, and the northern regions. For those heading to Siberia or the Arctic Circle, heavy winter clothing, including thermal wear, is essential.
Snow and Slippery Conditions
In areas like Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other northern or higher-altitude cities, snow is still common in March. Streets can be slippery, and snow accumulation can cause transportation delays. Be cautious when walking on icy surfaces, and make sure to wear waterproof, insulated footwear for comfort and safety.
Rain in the South
For those visiting southern cities like Sochi or Astrakhan, prepare for the possibility of light rain. Although the temperatures are milder, the transition to spring means occasional showers. It’s a good idea to bring an umbrella or raincoat for the occasional rainy day.
Health Considerations
Given the cold weather and fluctuating temperatures in March, travelers should be aware of the risk of cold-related illnesses. Staying warm and dressing in layers is essential to avoid hypothermia or frostbite in colder regions. Be sure to take precautions, especially when engaging in outdoor activities.
Altitude Considerations
Travelers visiting high-altitude areas like the Caucasus Mountains or other mountainous regions should be prepared for cooler temperatures and the possibility of snow. These areas can still be quite cold in March, and altitude sickness may be a concern, so it’s important to acclimatize before undertaking strenuous activities.
Cultural Etiquette and Local Events
March is a great time to explore Russian culture, as many cities host festivals and events related to the arrival of spring. International festivals and local celebrations like Maslenitsa (the Russian Pancake Festival) can be enjoyed in the streets of Moscow and other cities. Travelers should familiarize themselves with local customs and dress codes, particularly when visiting religious sites or interacting with locals.
Safety and Security
While Russia is generally safe for tourists, it’s advisable to exercise caution, especially in larger cities. Be mindful of pickpockets in crowded areas, and take care when traveling in less populated or remote regions. Make sure to check local travel advisories and road conditions, particularly in rural areas, as March can still bring heavy snow and ice in certain regions.
Things to Do in Russia in March
Visit Moscow and St. Petersburg
Moscow and St. Petersburg are must-visit cities in March, especially for those interested in Russian history, architecture, and culture. Explore Moscow’s Red Square, the Kremlin, and the State Historical Museum, while in St. Petersburg, you can visit the Hermitage Museum and take a canal cruise through the historic city.
Explore Sochi and the Black Sea Coast
Sochi offers mild temperatures in March, making it perfect for those looking to escape the cold. Visitors can enjoy the beaches along the Black Sea or explore the Sochi National Park and the nearby Caucasus Mountains. If you’re into winter sports, the slopes of Krasnaya Polyana are still open for skiing and snowboarding.
Skiing in the Caucasus Mountains
March is still a great time for skiing in Russia’s Caucasus Mountains, particularly around Sochi. The region offers beautiful slopes and a range of winter sports, from skiing to snowboarding. The weather in the Caucasus can be colder than in the lower regions, but the mountains provide excellent conditions for those looking to hit the slopes.
Explore Lake Baikal in Siberia
Lake Baikal in Siberia is one of the world’s most beautiful natural wonders. In March, the lake is still frozen, and travelers can enjoy walking or even ice fishing on the surface. The surrounding areas offer incredible winter landscapes, and visiting in March provides the opportunity to experience the lake’s winter magic.
Experience Russian Festivals
March marks the beginning of the Russian festival season, with Maslenitsa being one of the most widely celebrated. It’s a time for fun, food, music, and dancing in the streets of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other major cities. Don’t miss the chance to sample traditional Russian pancakes (blini) and participate in the celebrations.